Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Cutar cututtuka, Dalili, Jiyya da Rigakafin Duba Samfura Don Faɗakarwa Cikin Gaggawa BADA Sanarwa Don Faɗakarwar Yau da kullunKawai A ciki
-
Chaitra Navratri 2021: Kwanan wata, Muhurta, Ibada da Muhimmancin Wannan Bikin -
- Hina Khan tayi Murmushi Tare da Inuwar Green Green Inuwa Da Lebunan tsirara Masu Haskakawa Samun Dubi Kadan Cikin Matakai Masu Sauƙi!
- Ugadi Da Baisakhi 2021: Haɗa Fuskantar Farinka Tare Da Cewa Cewa Masu Cece -cece Na Musamman Na Gargajiya
- Horoscope na yau da kullun: 13 Afrilu 2021
Karka Rasa
- BSNL Yana Cire cajin Shigowa Daga Haɗin Haɗin Broadband
- IPL 2021: BalleBaazi.com tana maraba da kakar tare da sabon kamfen 'Cricket Machao'
- Vira Sathidar Aka Narayan Kamble Daga Kotu Ya Wuce Saboda COVID-19
- Masunta uku suna fargabar sun mutu yayin da jirgin ya yi karo da kwale-kwale a gabar tekun Mangaluru
- Kabira Motsi Hamisa 75 An Bada Gudanar da Kasuwancin Jirgin Sama a Indiya
- Faduwar Farashin Zinare Ba Da Damuwa Ga NBFCs ba, Bankuna Suna Bukatar Su Kiyaye
- Sakamakon Sakamakon Policeansanda na CSBC Bihar na ablearshe na 2021 Ya Bayyana
- Mafi kyawun wurare 10 don Ziyara A Maharashtra A watan Afrilu
Kananan cuta cuta ce mai saurin yaduwa wanda kwayar cuta ta variola (VARV) ke haifarwa, wanda yake daga jinsi ne na Orthopoxvirus. Yana daya daga cikin cututtukan da mutane suka sani. An ga cutar sankarau ta karshe a Somalia a shekarar 1977 da kuma a 1980, Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) ta ayyana kawar da cutar shan inna [1] .
Tarihin Kananan Yara [biyu]
Ana zaton cutar shan-inna ta samo asali ne daga yankin arewa maso gabashin Afirka a shekara ta 10,000 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa (AS) sannan daga can kuma akwai yiwuwar tsofaffin dillalan Masarawa suka yada ta zuwa Indiya. An fara ganin alamun farko na raunin fata kama da na ɗanɗano a fuskokin mummies a zamanin d Misira.
A ƙarni na biyar da na bakwai, cutar shan inna ta bayyana a cikin Turai kuma ta zama annoba a lokacin tsaka-tsaki. A kowace shekara, mutane 400,000 sun mutu sakamakon cutar sankarau kuma kashi ɗaya bisa uku na waɗanda suka tsira sun makance a ƙarni na 18 a Turai.
Daga baya cutar ta yadu ta hanyoyin kasuwanci zuwa wasu kasashe.
www.timetoast.com
Menene Kananan Yara?
Cutar pouruciya tana tattare da tsananin kumbura wanda yake bayyana a cikin tsari kuma yana barin tabon dake canza jiki. Wadannan kumburin suna cike da ruwa mai tsabta sannan daga baya sai kuma ya zama kumbura wanda daga karshe ya bushe ya fadi.
Kananan cuta babbar cuta ce mai saurin yaduwa daga kwayar cutar variola. Variola ya fito ne daga kalmar Latin varius, ma'ana mai launi ko daga varus, ma'ana alama a kan fata [3] .
Kwayar cuta ta variola tana da kwayar halittar DNA wacce take da madaidaiciya biyu, wanda ke nufin tana da nau'ikan DNA guda biyu da aka juya tare da tsawon kb 190 [4] . Poxviruses sun sake yin kwafi a cikin cytoplasm na sel maharan maimakon mahimmin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta.
A matsakaita, mutane 3 cikin 10 da suka kamu da cutar sankarau suka mutu kuma waɗanda suka rayu an bar su da tabo.
Yawancin masu bincike sun ɗauka cewa kimanin shekaru 6000 - 10,000 da suka wuce gidan dabbobi, ci gaban noman ƙasa da ci gaban manyan ƙauyukan mutane sun haifar da yanayi wanda ya haifar da bayyanar cutar shan inna [5] .
Koyaya, a cewar wani binciken da aka buga a cikin mujallar Clinical Infectious Diseases, mai yiwuwa cutar kwayar cutar ta daban zuwa cikin mutane ta hanyar canjin jinsin mutane daga mahalarta wanda ya mutu [6] .
Nau'in Nauyin Kananan Yara [7]
Cutar sankarau iri biyu ce:
• Variola babba - Yana da mahimmanci kuma mafi yawan nau'ikan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta wanda ke da saurin mutuwa na kashi 30 cikin ɗari. Yana haifarda zazzabi mai zafi da kuma manyan rashes. Na al'ada (mafi yawan nau'ikan tsari), wanda aka gyaru (mai sauƙin yanayi kuma zai faru ne ga mutanen da aka yiwa rigakafin su a baya), lebur da zubar jini sune nau'ikan nau'ikan variola huɗu. Lebur da zubar jini sune nau'ikan nau'ikan kananan cututtukan hanu wadanda galibi masu saurin kisa. Lokacin shiryawa na kananan cututtukan da ke zubar da jini ya fi guntu da farko, yana da wahala a iya tantance shi a matsayin karamin.
• Variola karami - iolaaramar Variola an san shi da alastrim wani ƙaramin sihiri ne wanda yake da saurin mutuwa na kashi ɗaya cikin ɗari ko lessasa. Yana haifar da ƙananan alamun bayyanar kamar ƙananan kumburi da tabo.
shahararrun salon gyara gashi ga mata
Yaya Yada Cutar Kananan Yara?
Cutar na yaduwa yayin da mutum ya kamu da cutar tari ko atishawa sannan ana fitar da diga-digar numfashi daga bakinsu ko hancinsu sannan wani mutum mai lafiya ya shaka.
Ana shigar da kwayar cutar sannan kuma ta sauka sannan ta kamu da kwayoyin dake rufe bakin, maqogwaro da hanyoyin numfashi. Ruwan jikin da ya kamu da cutar ko gurbatattun abubuwa kamar kwanciya ko tufafi kuma na iya yada ƙaramar cutar [8] .
Kwayar cututtukan kananan yara
Bayan kun kamu da kwayar cutar, lokacin shiryawa yana tsakanin kwanaki 7-19 (matsakaita kwanaki 10-14) A wannan lokacin, kwayar cutar tana yin kwazo a jiki, amma mutum ba zai iya nuna alamun alamun da yawa ba kuma zai iya zama da lafiya. . Dokta Sneha ta ce, 'Duk da cewa mutum ba shi da tabin hankali, amma yana iya samun karamin zazzabi ko kuma wata muguwar cuta wacce ba za ta iya fitowa fili ba'.
Bayan lokacin shiryawa, alamun farko sun fara bayyana, wadanda suka hada da masu zuwa:
• Zazzabi mai zafi
• Amai
• Ciwon kai
• Ciwan jiki
• Gajiya mai tsanani
• Ciwon mara mai tsanani
Bayan wadannan bayyanar cututtuka na farko, kurji ya bayyana kamar ƙananan jan aibobi akan baki da harshe wanda ya ɗauki kamar kwanaki huɗu.
Wadannan kananan jajayen wuraren suna canzawa zuwa ciwo kuma sun bazu a cikin bakin da maqogwaro sannan kuma zuwa duk sassan jiki cikin awanni 24. Wannan matakin yana ɗaukar kwana huɗu. Dokta Sneha ta ce, 'Rarrabawar kurji irin na kananan yara ne: yana bayyana da farko a fuska, hannaye da kuma gaban goshi sannan kuma ya bazu zuwa ga akwati da tsaka-tsakin (bayyanar a jere). Wannan yana da mahimmanci wajen bambance ƙaramin cutar pox daga cututtukan varicella '.
A rana ta huɗu, ciwon ya cika da ruwa mai kauri har sai da ɓarna ta ɓarke akan kumburin har tsawon kwanaki 10. Bayan haka scabs ɗin sun fara faɗuwa, suna barin tabo a fata. Wannan matakin yana ɗaukar kimanin kwanaki shida.
Da zarar duk ɓarnar ta faɗi, mutum ba ya saurin yaɗuwa.
Menene Banbanci Tsakanin Kananan Yara Da Kaza?
Dokta Sneha ta ce, 'Ana fara ganin karamin kumburin fiska a fuska sannan kuma ya motsa zuwa ga jiki kuma a karshe ƙananan gaɓoɓi yayin da a cikin kaza kaza fyaden ya bayyana a kan kirji da yankin ciki da farko sannan ya bazu zuwa wasu sassan (da ƙyar sosai dabino da tafin kafa). Lokacin jinkiri tsakanin zazzabi da saurin ɓarkewa na iya bambanta a wasu yanayi '.
Ganewar asali na poananan Cuta
Don tantance ko ɓarkewar karamar cuta ce, Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka (CDC) suna ba da shawarar yin amfani da algorithm 'Tantance Marasa lafiya don Smallaramar Cuta: Ciwon Cutar, Ciwon Jini ko Ciwon Cutar Pustular' wanda wata hanya ce ta al'ada don tantance marasa lafiya da cututtukan gaggawa ta samar da alamomi na asibiti don banbanta karamin cuta daga wasu cututtukan kurji [9] .
mafi kyawun tsarin abinci don rasa nauyi
Likita zai bincika mara lafiya a zahiri kuma ya yi tambaya game da tarihin tafiyarsu ta kwanan nan, tarihin lafiya, tuntuɓar dabbobi ko marasa lafiya, alamomin da suka fara kafin farawar kumburi, tuntuɓar duk wani mai rashin lafiya, tarihin cutar ƙwarjini da tsirrai da tarihinta na allurar rigakafin ƙwayar cuta.
Ka'idojin bincikar cutar kananan cututtuka sun hada da masu zuwa:
• Samun zazzaɓi sama da 101 ° F kuma aƙalla ɗaya daga cikin alamun alamun sune sanyi, amai, ciwon kai, ciwon baya, matsanancin ciwon ciki da sujada.
• Raunin da ya bayyana a kowane sashi na jiki kamar fuska da hannaye.
• marfafa ko larura masu rauni.
• Raunin farko wanda ya bayyana a cikin baki, fuska da hannaye.
• Raunuka akan tafin hannu da tafin ƙafa.
Rigakafin da Maganin Kananan Yara
Maganin kananan cututuka ba shi da magani, amma allurar rigakafin cutar shan inna na iya kare mutum daga cutar kanjamau na kimanin shekara uku zuwa biyar, daga nan sai matakin kariya ya ragu. Ana buƙatar alurar riga kafi mai ƙarfi don kariya ta dogon lokaci daga ƙaramin cuta, a cewar CDC [10] .
Ana yin allurar rigakafin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta ne daga ƙwayoyin rigakafin rigakafin rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta, cutar poxvirus kwatankwacin ƙwayar cuta Alurar rigakafin ta ƙunshi ƙwayoyin rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta, kuma ba kwayar da aka kashe ko ta raunana ba.
Ana ba da allurar rigakafin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta ta amfani da allurar ƙirar bifurcated wacce aka tsoma cikin maganin allurar. Lokacin da aka cire shi, allurar tana rike da digon allurar rigakafin kuma ta huda ta cikin fata sau 15 a cikin secondsan daƙiƙa kaɗan. Yawanci ana ba da rigakafin ne a hannun sama kuma idan rigakafin ya yi nasara, akwai nau'ikan ciwo mai ja da kaushi a cikin yankin da aka yi rigakafin a cikin kwana uku zuwa hudu.
A makon farko, ciwon ya zama bororo cike da buto da magudanar ruwa. A mako na biyu, waɗannan ciwon sun bushe kuma sun fara yin kamuwa. A cikin mako na uku, ɓarnar ɗin ta faɗi ta bar tabo a fatar.
Dole ne a bayar da rigakafin kafin mutum ya kamu da kwayar kuma cikin kwanaki uku zuwa bakwai da kamuwa da kwayar. Alurar rigakafin ba za ta kare mutum ba da zarar ƙaramin ƙwayar cuta ya bayyana a fata.
A shekara ta 1944, lasisin rigakafin cutar shan inna da ake kira dryvax ya sami lasisi kuma aka ƙera ta har zuwa tsakiyar 1980 lokacin da WHO ta bayyana kawar da cutar shan inna [goma sha] .
A cewar Hukumar Abinci da Magunguna ta Amurka, a halin yanzu, akwai allurar rigakafin kyanda da ake kira ACAM2000, wacce aka ba da lasisi a ranar 31 ga watan Agusta 2007. An san wannan rigakafin ne don sanya mutanen da ke cikin babban haɗarin kamuwa da cutar shan inna. Koyaya, yana haifar da sakamako masu illa kamar matsalolin zuciya kamar su myocarditis da pericarditis [12] .
manyan nono da girman sutturar wanka
A ranar 2 ga Mayu, 2005, CBER ta ba da lasisin Vaccinia Immune Globulin, Intravenous (VIGIV), wanda ake amfani da shi don magance rikitarwa masu tsanani na alurar rigakafin cutar shan inna.
Alurar rigakafin ƙananan yara na da illa mai sauƙi zuwa mai tsanani. Illolin dake tattare da sauki sun hada da zazzabi, ciwon tsoka, gajiya, ciwon kai, tashin zuciya, kaikayi, ciwo, raunin tauraron ɗan adam da yanki na lymphadenopathy.
A cikin shekarun 1960, an bayar da rahoton illolin dake tattare da allurar rigakafin cutar shan inna a cikin Amurka, kuma waɗannan sun haɗa da rigakafin rigakafin ci gaba (allurar rigakafin miliyan 1.5), alurar riga kafi ta eczema (rigakafin miliyan 39), cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar bayan gida (allurar rigakafi miliyan 12), rigakafin gama gari (241 rigakafi miliyan 241) ) har ma da mutuwa (allurar rigakafi miliyan 1) [13] .
Wanene Ya Kamata Yayi Alurar rigakafi?
• Ma’aikacin dakin gwaje-gwaje da ke aiki tare da kwayar cutar da ke haifar da karamar cuta ko wasu kwayoyin cuta da suka yi kama da ita ya kamata a yi musu allurar rigakafi (wannan yana faruwa ne idan ba a samu yaduwar cutar sankarau ba).
• Mutumin da ya kamu da kwayar cutar sankarau kai tsaye ta fuskar haduwa da mutumin da ke dauke da cutar shan inna ya kamata a yi masa rigakafin (wannan ya faru ne a game da yaduwar cutar sankarau) [14] .
Wanene Bai Kamata a Yi Alurar rigakafi ba?
A cewar WHO, mutanen da suke da ko suke da yanayin fata, musamman eczema ko atopic dermatitis, mutanen da ke da rauni a garkuwar jiki, masu cutar kanjamau da kuma mutanen da ke karɓar maganin kansar bai kamata su sami allurar rigakafin cutar shan inna ba sai dai idan sun kamu da cutar. Wannan saboda kasadar da suke da ita na samun illa.
Mata masu ciki ba za su sami allurar ba saboda yana iya cutar da ɗan tayi. Mata masu shayarwa da yara ƙanƙancin watanni 12 bai kamata su karɓi rigakafin cutar sankarau ba [goma sha biyar] .
Me Zaku Yi Bayan An Yi muku rigakafin?
• Yakamata a rufe yankin rigakafin da gauze tare da tef na taimakon farko. Tabbatar cewa akwai iska mai kyau kuma babu ruwa mai shiga ciki.
• Sanya babbar riga domin ta rufe bandejin.
• Kasance yankin ya bushe kar a bashi damar yin ruwa. Idan ya jike, canza shi kai tsaye.
• Rufe wurin da bandeji mai hana ruwa yayin wanka kuma kada ku raba tawul.
• Canja bandejin kowane kwana uku.
• Wanke hannuwanku bayan kun taɓa yankin rigakafin.
• Kar a taɓa wurin kuma kada a bari wasu su taɓa shi ko abubuwa kamar tawul, bandeji, mayafai da tufafi waɗanda suka taɓa yankin da aka yi wa rigakafin.
• Wanke tufafinku a ruwan zafi tare da mayukan wanka ko na bilki.
• A zubar da bandejin da aka yi amfani da su a cikin jakunkunan zoben roba sannan a jefa cikin kwandon shara.
• A cikin jakar leda, sai a sa dukkan kasusuwan da suka fado daga nan sai a yar da su [16] .
Ta Yaya Aka Sarrafa Cutar Cuta da Farko?
Variolation, wanda aka lasafta shi bayan kwayar cutar da ke haifar da cutar shan inna na ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin farko na magance yaduwar cutar sankarau. Variolation tsari ne na yiwa alurar rigakafi ga mutumin da bai taɓa yin ƙaramin cuta ba ta amfani da wani abu daga ƙananan cututtukan mara lafiyar mai cutar. Anyi shi ko dai ta hanyar cakuɗa kayan cikin hannu ko shaƙa shi ta hanci kuma mutane sun ɓullo da alamomi kamar zazzaɓi da kumburi.
An kiyasta cewa tsakanin kashi 1 zuwa 2 na mutanen da suka yi fama da cutar ƙyamar cuta sun mutu idan aka kwatanta da kashi 30 na mutanen da suka mutu lokacin da suka kamu da cutar shan inna. Koyaya, variolation yana da haɗari da yawa, mai haƙuri na iya mutuwa ko wani na iya kamuwa da cutar daga majiyyacin.
salon gyara gashi na bollywood don matsakaicin tsayin gashi
Yawan mace-macen cuta ya ninka sau goma idan aka kwatanta da ƙananan cututtukan da ke faruwa [17] .
Tambayoyi gama gari
Q. Shin har yanzu cutar kanana tana nan?
ZUWA. A halin yanzu, babu rahoton bullar cutar sankarau koina a ko'ina cikin duniya. Koyaya, ƙananan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta suna nan a cikin dakunan binciken bincike biyu a Rasha da Amurka.
Q. Me yasa cutar sankarau ta kasance mai saurin kisa?
ZUWA . Ya kasance mai mutuƙar saboda cuta ce ta iska wacce ke saurin yaɗuwa daga mai wannan cuta zuwa wancan.
Q. Nawa ne suka mutu sakamakon cutar sankarau?
ZUWA . An kiyasta cewa mutane miliyan 300 sun mutu sanadiyyar cutar shan inna a ƙarni na 20.
Tambaya: Kananan yara zasu dawo?
ZUWA . A'a, amma gwamnatoci sunyi imani cewa kwayar cutar sankarau ta wanzu a wasu wurare banda dakunan gwaje-gwaje wanda za'a iya sakin ta da gangan domin cutar.
Tambaya: Wane ne ke rigakafin cutar shan inna?
ZUWA. Mutanen da aka yiwa rigakafi suna da rigakafin cutar shan inna.
Tambaya: Waye ya samo maganin cutar sankarau?
ZUWA . A cikin 1796, Edward Jenner yayi yunƙurin kimiyya don shawo kan cutar shan inna ta hanyar yin amfani da allurar rigakafi da gangan.
Q. Har yaushe ne cutar sankarau ta dade?
ZUWA . A cewar WHO, cutar shan inna ta wanzu akalla shekaru 3,000.
Sneha KrishnanJanar MagungunaMBBS San karin bayani
