CIWAN ASMA NA CHILDHOODANANAN YARA, ALAMOMINSA, SANADINSA, RIGAKAFINSA & JIYYARSA

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Karka Rasa

Gida Haihuwar yara Yara Yara oi-Amritha K Ta Amritha K. a ranar 10 ga Fabrairu, 2021

Ana bikin ranar asma ta duniya a kowace shekara a ranar Talata ta farko ta watan Mayu. Ranar Asma ta Duniya 2020 ta faɗi a ranar 5 ga Mayu. Cibiyar Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) ce ta shirya bikin na shekara-shekara, da nufin wayar da kai, kulawa da kuma tallafawa mutanen da cutar ta numfashi ta shafa [1] .

Ranar Asma ta Duniya an fara ta ne a 1998 kuma wannan shekarar (2020), Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) ta yanke shawarar ranar asma ta duniya zata kasance 5 ga Mayu a kowace shekara [biyu] . Taken ranar asma ta duniya 2020 shine 'Isasshen Mutuwar asma.'

A wannan Ranar Asma ta Duniya, zamu duba batun asma na yara ko asma a yara. Gabaɗaya, asma cuta ce ta yau da kullun wanda ke haifar da kumburi da ƙarancin hanyoyin iska a cikin huhu. Yana haifar da shakar iska (sautin bushewa lokacin da kake numfashi), matsewar kirji, rashin numfashi, da tari [3] .

Yayin bugun asma, tsoffin hanyoyin iskar ku suna takurawa kuma membobi na mucous suna haifar da ƙoshin hanci, yana toshe numfashin ku. Allergens kamar ƙura, spores, gashin dabbobi, iska mai sanyi, kamuwa da cuta har ma da danniya na iya haifar da asma [4] .

Akwai nau'ikan asma iri daban-daban, waɗanda abubuwan jawo hankali daban-daban suka kawo su. Wasu daga cikin cututtukan asma da suka fi dacewa sune cututtukan fuka-fuka, cututtukan asma, cutar asma-COPD, rashin asma mai cutar, asma mai aiki da kuma asma ta yara. [5] .

Menene Ciwon Asma?

Asma yara kuma ana kiranta asma na yara, daidai yake da na asma da aka ruwaito a cikin manya. Koyaya, ciwon asma na yara yana da alamomi daban-daban idan aka kwatanta su da wasu nau'in asma. Lokacin da yaro ya kamu da asma, huhu da hanyoyin iska suna saurin zama kumburi lokacin da aka fallasa su ga abubuwa masu haifar da hakan kamar shakar furen fure ko kamuwa da mura ko wani kamuwa da cutar [6] .

Alamomin wannan matsalar ta numfashi na iya wahalar da yaranka yin ayyukan yau da kullun kamar zuwa makaranta, wasa da ma bacci. Babu maganin asma a cikin yara amma akwai hanyoyin da zaku iya hana masu haifar da hakan kuma saboda haka, iyakance lalacewar huhun yaro mai girma [7] .

Menene Alamomi & Alamomin Ciwan Asthma Yara?

Kwayar cututtukan asma na yara na iya bambanta daga ɗa zuwa ɗa kuma yaro na iya samun alamun daban daban daga wani labarin zuwa na gaba. Mafi yawan cututtukan cututtukan asma na yara sune kamar haka [8] :

magungunan ayurvedic don asarar gashi

Sautin busa ko ƙarar iska yayin fitar numfashi
Rashin numfashi
Cushewar kirji ko matsewa
Yawan tari, musamman lokacin wasa ko motsa jiki
Rashin kuzari
Rashin bacci saboda tari ko matsalar numfashi
Saurin numfashi
Neckarƙwarar wuya da tsokoki na kirji
A cikin jarirai, matsalar cin abinci ko gurnani yayin cin abinci

Mummunan alamun cututtukan asma na yara waɗanda ke buƙatar kulawa da gaggawa kai tsaye sune kamar haka [9] :

Ja cikin kirji da gefuna yayin da suke numfashi
Gumi mai yawa
Tsayawa a tsakiyar jumla don ɗaukar numfashi
Ciki wanda yake nitsewa a ƙarƙashin haƙarƙarinsu lokacin da suke ƙoƙarin samun iska
Hancin hancin fadada
Saurin bugun zuciya
Ciwon kirji

Menene Sanadin Cutar Asthma?

Masana kiwon lafiya sun tabbatar da cewa ba a fahimci dalilan da suka sa asma ƙuruciya ba. Wasu daga cikin dalilan da ke haifar da asma na yara sune kamar haka [10] :

Bayyanar da muhalli, kamar hayakin sigari ko wasu gurɓataccen iska
Halin gado don haɓaka rashin lafiyar jiki
Iyaye masu fama da asma
Kamuwa da cutar Airway tun yana ƙarami

Menene Matsalolin Cutar Asthma?

Abubuwan da ke haifar da lamarin sun banbanta daga yaro zuwa yaro kuma a wasu lokuta, abin da zai haifar da sakamako na iya jinkirta, yana mai da wahalar ganowa. Wasu daga cikin abubuwanda ke haifar da asma na yara sune kamar haka [goma sha] :

Allergens kamar kyankyasai, ƙurar ƙura, mold, dander dinta, da pollen
Haushi kamar gurɓatacciyar iska, sunadarai, iska mai sanyi, ƙamshi, ko hayaƙi
Cututtukan iska kamar sanyi, ciwon huhu, da cututtukan sinus
Danniya
Motsa jiki

A wasu yara, alamun asma suna faruwa ba tare da wani abin da ke haifar da shi ba.

Menene dalilai masu haɗari ga asma na ƙuruciya?

Abubuwan da zasu iya karawa yarinka damar kamuwa da asma sune kamar haka [12] :

Abubuwan rashin lafiyan da suka gabata, gami da halayen fata, rashin lafiyar abinci ko zazzaɓin hay
Yanayi na numfashi, kamar su dogon hanci ko toshewar hanci (rhinitis), sinusai masu ƙonewa (sinusitis) ko ciwon huhu
Bayyana hayakin taba, gami da kafin haihuwa
Kiba
Tarihin iyali na asma ko rashin lafiyar jiki
Zama a yankin da ke da gurɓataccen yanayi
Bwannafi (cututtukan gastroesophageal reflux, ko GERD)
Jima'i (namiji)
Kabilanci [13]

Menene Matsalolin Ciwan Asma?

Ciwon asma na yara na iya haifar da rikice-rikice da dama kuma sune kamar haka [14] :

Tsanani na asma wanda ke buƙatar magani na gaggawa ko kulawar asibiti
Samun baya a makaranta
Rashin barci da gajiya
Lalacewa na dindindin a cikin aikin huhu
Kwayar cututtukan da ke tsoma baki tare da ayyukan motsa jiki na yau da kullun

Ta Yaya Ake Gane Cutar Asthma?

Asthma, gabaɗaya, na iya zama da wahala a iya tantancewa saboda yawancin yanayin yarinta na iya samun alamomi kama da waɗanda asma ke haifarwa [goma sha biyar] . Likitan zai bincika alamun kuma zai tantance ko asma ne ya haifar da alamun cutar, wani yanayi banda asma, ko kuma asma da wani yanayin.

Yanayi masu zuwa na iya haifar da alamun asma a cikin yara [16] :

Matsalolin Airway
Sinusitis
Ruwan Acid ko cutar reflux na gastroesophageal (GERD)
Numfashi mara aiki
Rhinitis
Cututtukan numfashi na numfashi kamar su bronchiolitis da ƙwayar cuta ta iska (RSV)

Domin gano yanayin, likita na iya rubuta waɗannan gwaje-gwajen [17] :

Gwajin aikin huhu
Gwajin gwajin nitric oxide na taimakawa gano ko magungunan steroid zasu iya taimakawa ga asma na ɗanka
Gwajin fata na rashin lafiyan, inda aka saka fata tare da ruwan kwayoyi na abubuwa masu haifar da cutar rashin lahani kuma ana lura dasu don alamun rashin lafiyan abu

Menene Magungunan Ciwon Fuka?

Nau'in magani na farko don cutar asma na yara ya dogara da tsananin asma ɗin ɗanku kuma maƙasudin maganin asma shine kiyaye alamun. Yin maganin asma ya hada da duka hana bayyanar cututtuka da kuma magance cutar asma [18] .

Ga yara 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 3 waɗanda ke da alamomin alamomin asma, likita na iya amfani da hanyar jira-ganin saboda tasirin dogon lokaci na maganin asma ga jarirai da ƙananan yara bai bayyana ba. [19] .

Bayan haka, da zarar an fahimci abin da ya haifar da shi, za a ba da magungunan magunguna na dogon lokaci don rage kumburi a cikin hanyoyin iska na ɗanku wanda ke haifar da alamomin kuma suna kamar haka [ashirin] :

Inhaled corticosteroids
Inhalers na haɗin gwiwa
Leukotriene masu gyara
Magungunan rigakafi
Corticosteroids na baka da na cikin jini
Short-aiki beta-agonists

Lura : Corticosteroids wani nau'in magani ne wanda ke rage kumburi a jiki.

Shin Za a Iya Rigakafin Ciwan Asthma?

Kulawa da kyau da kuma gujewa masu haifar da asma na iya taimakawa rigakafin asma. Yi la'akari da matakan kariya masu zuwa [ashirin da daya] :

Kula da ƙarancin zafi a gida
Kiyaye tsaftar cikin gida
Yi amfani da kwandishan domin yana taimakawa rage adadin fulawar iska daga bishiyoyi, ciyawa da ciyawa waɗanda ke samo hanyar cikin gida
Tsaftace gida akai-akai
Rage isar yaranka zuwa iska mai sanyi
Taimaka wa ɗanka kiyaye nauyin lafiya
Kar ka sha taba a kusa da yaronka
Arfafa wa yaro gwiwa don ya kasance mai aiki saboda aiyuka na yau da kullun na iya taimakawa huhu don yin aiki da kyau

A Bayanin Karshe…

Zai iya zama damuwa don taimakawa ɗanka ya kula da asma amma kana buƙatar zama tsarin tallafi ga ɗanka da mai da hankali kan abin da ɗanka zai iya yi, ba kan iyakancewa ba. Sanya magani ya zama abu na yau da kullun dan samun taimako, idan ya zama dole.